Antibodies to β adrenergic and muscarinic cholinergic receptors in patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Autoantibodies to Muscarinic Cholinergic Receptors
Enhanced Cholinergically Mediated Vasodilatation
Metabolites Choline, Inositol, Carnitine
Muscarinic Cholinergic Receptors
Nicotinic cholinergic receptors ACHRN
Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway
Impact of Traumatic Brain Injury on Cholinergic Systems
Neurotransmitters and Neurotransmitter Systems
Parasympathetic Motor System (Cholinergic System). Origin Brain/Sacral
+3b Neuroimmune and neuroendocrine processes
1a Decreases in Sphingolipid, glycosphingolipid, phospholipid, purine, microbiome aromatic amino acid and branch chain amino acid metabolites, as well as in flavine adenine nucleotide (FAD) and lathosterol
1 Consistent Abnormalities found in CFS patients
1 Metabolism and Energy Production Dysfunction
2 Testing, Testing Laboratories, Treatment Centers, Specialists and Clinics
3 Drugs used for CFS (and CFS cofactors)
3 Similarly, the HPA axis also interacts with various other glandular systems, among them those producing reproductive hormones, growth hormones, and thyroid hormones. Once activated, the stress response switches off the hormonal systems regulating growth, reproduction, metabolism, and immunity. Short term, the response is helpful, allowing us to divert biochemical resources to deal with the threat.
4 Drugs used for TBI (also helpful for CFS)
4 Immune System Modulators
5 Catecholamines as neurotransmitters
5 Histaminergic neurons of the hypothalamic tuberomammillary nucleus constitute a major wake‐promoting system
9 Purinergic neurotransmitters
10 Peptides and Neuropeptides
Acetylcholine/Citicoline and signaling
Amisulpride (very low dose)
and hippocampus in CFS/ME patients
Atomoxetine (Strattera, Attentin)
InComplete List of Treatments (by polling)
Cortical Glutathione and Reductions in the levels of cortical GSH
Corticotropin Releasing Factor Receptor type 2 agonist CT38
Doxepin (Sinequan, Sinquan, Zonalon, Deptran, Xepin)
Dysregulation of acetylcholine and adrenergic signalling
Felbamate (Felbatol, Taloxa)
From CFS Unravelled by Dan Neuffer
HGH (Growth Hormone) and Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD)
Impact of Traumatic Brain Injury on Neurotransmitter Systems
Impaired Activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis
Imunovir (inosine pranoxbex)
Jaw bone cavitation infection
Julien & Patricia Regimen
LDN (Low-dose naltrexone)
Mitochondria in traumatic brain injury and mitochondrial-targeted multipotential therapeutic strategies
Neuropeptides (Vasoactive neuropeptides (VNs) such as PACAP and VIP have critical roles as neurotransmitters, vasodilators including perfusion and hypoxia regulators, and immune and nociception modulators)
Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
normal resolution of the inflammatory process by NF-κB activation and apoptotic induction is impaired
Peptides LL-37 + BPC-157 1
Pharmacological Medicine for Traumatic Brain-injury Rehabilitation by class
Phenytoin (Dilantin, Hydantin, Phenytek, Epanutin)
Prescriptions used in conjunction
Prolonged acetylcholine-induced vasodilatation in the peripheral microcirculation of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome
Reduction of Biosynthesis of Neurotransmitters Such as Glutamate, Aspartate, and Γ-aminobutyric Acid through Acetylcarnitine in the Frontal, Cingulate, Temporal, and Occipital Cortices
Rituximab (Rituxan, Ritumax)
Serotonin and serotonergic neurotransmitter system
Suramin (https://www.healthrising.org/blog/category/treatment/drugs/suramin/ "Suramin is anti-purinergic drug usually used to treat African sleeping sickness and river blindness. Dr. Naviauw believes Suranim may be able to turn off the "cell danger response" in ME/CFS and autism. A small Suramin autism trial was successful. ") (2)
TBI increases mitochondrial fission and that inhibition of fission improves hippocampal-dependent learning and memory
The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway
Treatment with Flumazenil (GABAA receptor antagonist)
Vasoactive Neuropeptide Dysfunction (including vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate activating polypeptide (PACAP))
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