1 Consistent Abnormalities found in CFS patients
+3 Comorbid Mental Health Conditions
+3 Neurological Dysfunction
+3b Neuroimmune and neuroendocrine processes
1a Decreases in Sphingolipid, glycosphingolipid, phospholipid, purine, microbiome aromatic amino acid and branch chain amino acid metabolites, as well as in flavine adenine nucleotide (FAD) and lathosterol
1 Abnormalities in bioenergetic function
1 Brain Regions and Specific Classes/Systems
1 Circulatory Impairment, Disease and Irregularities
2 Circulatory System, Blood Pressure, Blood Volume and Blood Pressure Signaling Effects
2 Orthostatic/neurally Mediated Hypotension/Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS)
3 Alterations in normal energy metabolic processes and abnormalities in cellular bioenergetics
3 DNA and Genetic/Epigenetic Factors
4 Common Comorbid Diseases (Common) and Uncommon Causal Diseases (Uncommon)
4 Endocrine system (and alterations to system)
5 Gastroenterology, Digestive and Urological
5 Sympathetic Dominance/Hyperactivity
9 Disrupted Th1 - Th2 homeostasis (Th2 dominance)
9 Hypometabolic state (as evident in plasma and serum metabolomics)
11b Half of CFS patients (appear to) have a previously undiagnosed medical condition, most often diabetes, CVD and thyroid diseases
14 reported deficiencies in the urea and the TCA cycles, (ornithine/citrulline and pyruvate/isocitrate ratios)
19 Steroidogenic Pathways
Abnormalities in Cerebral Perfusion
Abnormalities in CFS (listing of 1,000 studies in Fourty Five Catagories)
Abnormalities in Cortico-basal Ganglia-thalamo-cortical Loops
Abnormalities in lymphocyte function in CFS
Abnormalities of AMPK activation and glucose uptake
Abnormalities of Gene Expression in the Blood
Abnormalities of stress system activation have been shown in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, as well as behavioural syndromes such as melancholic depression
Autoimmune and Metabolic Pathway Abnormalities
Blood Brain Barrier and disorders
Brain Fog, Confusion, Sensory overstimulation, memory difficulties, pseudopsychopathy, High Effort in processing Planning Administrative Executive Function Planning Anxiety Stress Passive vs Proactive Shy Withdrawn Uncertain w social self esteem and anxiety etc Dysthymia etc
Central nervous system and hormone abnormalities
Cerebral Blood Flow is Decreased in CFS
Cortical Glutathione and Reductions in the levels of cortical GSH
Dysregulation of acetylcholine and adrenergic signalling
Dysregulation of Protein Kinase Gene Expression in NK Cells from Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis Patients
Excessive sweating, Fatigue, Frequent nighttime urination and Night sweats
GH-IGF-I axis abnormalities
Grey matter abnormalities
Hypocortisolemia, Hypocortisolism
Impaired Activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Low Blood Volume (Hypovolemia)
Medial prefrontal cortex deficits and unrefreshing sleep
Mitochondrial Inhibition, Damage and Hypometabolism
Neurotransmitters and Neurotransmitter Systems
Overview of the current understanding of the associations between ME/CFS and metabolic disease by Erifili Hatziagelaki, MD, PhD, Maria Adamaki, PhD, Irene Tsilioni, PhD, George Dimitriadis, MD, Theoharis C. Theoharides, MS, MPhil, PhD, MD
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
reduced adrenal responsiveness to ACTH
Reduced Absolute Cortical Blood Flow in CFS
Reduction of serotonin transporters of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome
Routine cognitive processes are experienced as unduly effortful and Brain Fog
Spinal Fluid Abnormalities in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Structural brain abnormalities and Neuroimaging Abnormalities
The stress response and the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis: from molecule to melancholia
White matter abnormalities
1 Metabolism and Energy Production Dysfunction
2 Testing, Testing Laboratories, Treatment Centers, Specialists and Clinics
3 Drugs used for CFS (and CFS cofactors)
3 Similarly, the HPA axis also interacts with various other glandular systems, among them those producing reproductive hormones, growth hormones, and thyroid hormones. Once activated, the stress response switches off the hormonal systems regulating growth, reproduction, metabolism, and immunity. Short term, the response is helpful, allowing us to divert biochemical resources to deal with the threat.
4 Diseases with Shared Symptoms
4 Drugs used for TBI (also helpful for CFS)
4 Immune System Modulators
5 Histaminergic neurons of the hypothalamic tuberomammillary nucleus constitute a major wake‐promoting system
6 Outline of functions/cycles/pathways (Under construction)
7 Disease Progression Prognosis and risk for developing pathologies
8 Models Systems (Under Construction)
Amisulpride (very low dose)
and hippocampus in CFS/ME patients
Atomoxetine (Strattera, Attentin)
InComplete List of Treatments (by polling)
Corticotropin Releasing Factor Receptor type 2 agonist CT38
Doxepin (Sinequan, Sinquan, Zonalon, Deptran, Xepin)
Felbamate (Felbatol, Taloxa)
From CFS Unravelled by Dan Neuffer
HGH (Growth Hormone) and Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD)
Imunovir (inosine pranoxbex)
Increased Neopterin Levels
Jaw bone cavitation infection
Julien & Patricia Regimen
LDN (Low-dose naltrexone)
Mitochondria in traumatic brain injury and mitochondrial-targeted multipotential therapeutic strategies
Peptides LL-37 + BPC-157 1
Pharmacological Medicine for Traumatic Brain-injury Rehabilitation by class
Phenytoin (Dilantin, Hydantin, Phenytek, Epanutin)
Prescriptions used in conjunction
Prolonged acetylcholine-induced vasodilatation in the peripheral microcirculation of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome
Rituximab (Rituxan, Ritumax)
Suramin (https://www.healthrising.org/blog/category/treatment/drugs/suramin/ "Suramin is anti-purinergic drug usually used to treat African sleeping sickness and river blindness. Dr. Naviauw believes Suranim may be able to turn off the "cell danger response" in ME/CFS and autism. A small Suramin autism trial was successful. ") (2)
TBI increases mitochondrial fission and that inhibition of fission improves hippocampal-dependent learning and memory
Treatment with Flumazenil (GABAA receptor antagonist)
Vasoactive Neuropeptide Dysfunction (including vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate activating polypeptide (PACAP))
What it feels like and how to explain to family and friends
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1 Consistent Abnormalities found in CFS patients